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Irish History - Iron Age
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During the Iron Age (about 500 BC) the construction of large stone fortifications had begun in Ireland. The purpose of these structures is still unclear. However, it is believed that they were used to either protect people and animals from attackers (although it is not known who they might have been) or as gathering places of ceremony and worship. Many of these fortresses are still in existence today. Around 300 BC the Gaels (Celts) arrived in Ireland from Europe. The Celts were a fierce tribe of people and were known for their courage. By all accounts the Celts were brave, clever, and good craftsman. At this time Ireland was divided into about 150 tiny Celtic kingdoms. Eventually, these kingdoms were combined to create five ancient provinces, Connacht, Munster, Leinster, Meath and Ulster. Clans were created within each province under one dominant ruling family. The Celts were rural people and did not build cities. However, they did create highly developed legislative civilizations in Ireland. Druid priests taught religion, kings were elected to the throne (instead right of ascension), and they had formal written law administered by lawyers known as Brehons. Unfortunately, the Celts were divided people and had the propensity to fight amongst themselves.
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